Summary SVAMPE 21 - 30.

SVAMPE 1-10 - SVAMPE 11-20 - SVAMPE 21-30 - SVAMPE 31-40 - SVAMPE 41-50 - SVAMPE 51-60

Amanita solitaria new to Denmark - Christian Lange & Thomas Læssøe - Svampe 22: 1-2. Amanita solitaria (Bull.:Fr.) Merat (A. echinocephala ss. auct.) is reported as new to Denmark. It was found under Fagus on bare, heavy clayey, calcareous soil following a very unusual, warm and dry summer. It has perhaps earlier been confused with A. strobiliformis (Vitt.) Quel., but only material of A. strobiliformis is found in the herbarium collections, and all published records belong to A. strobiliformis.

New danish species of Hygrocybe - David Boertmann - Svampe 22: 27-31. Hygrocybe substrangulata (Orton) Mos., Hygrocybe calciphila Arnolds, Hygrocybe turunda (Fries) Karst. ss. Orton & Møller and Hygrocybe constrictospora Arnolds are new species to the Danish fungus flora. Hygrocybe parvula (Peck) Murr. ss. Moser and Hallgrimsson seems to be the same as H. constrictospora, and H. parvula ss. Smith & Hesler is the same as H. ceracea ss. Arnolds. H. turunda ss. Moser and Arnolds is probably a var. of H. miniata according to the size and the shape of the spores. H. coccineocrenata (Orton) Mos. var. sphagnophila Arnolds and H. coccineocrenata (Orton) Mos. forma ambigua Kühn. is synonyous to H. substrangulata.

Hymenochaetales in Denmark I. The genus Inonotus - Peer Corfixen & Jens H. Petersen (photos) - Svampe 23: 11-24. The eight Danish species of Inonotus are treated in this paper. For each species the number of collections on every host is given. Likewise, a map of each species with dots for each herbarium collection and circles for literature records are provided. Keys are also provided for the genera of Hymenochaetales known from Denmark, and for the Danish species of Inonotus with comments to related similar species. A new species, Inonotus ulmicola Corfixen (1990), occurring on Ulmus in cities and other urbane areas are also commented and a request for the search for more material of this species is made. I ulmicola differs from I. obliquus by the presence of tramal setae and a different host. A revised system of setae-types in Hymenochaetales which is extracted from Corfixen 1990 is given.

The genus Dacrymyces in Denmark - Henrik Mathiesen - Svampe 23: 46-61. 9 species of the genus Dacrymyces are reported from Denmark, and a key to their identification and a description of the species is given. D. enatus, D. estonicus, D. macnabii & D. suecicus are reported as new to Denmark.

Bolbitius coprophilus in Denmark - Erik Rald & Morten Strandberg - Svampe 24: 7-10. Bolbitius coprophilus (Peck) Hongo is reported as new to Denmark from two outdoor localities. In Jægersborg Dyrehave it was found growing on straw mixed with dung of deer, and in Høsterkøb it is growing in large numbers on straw mixed with dung of horse from a stable, where it is also growing indoors. The production of fruitbodies throughout the year was evaluated during two years at the later locality. Bolbitius coprophilus is mostly fruiting in the summer, but also at other times of the year, when it is growing in dung-heaps of sufficient size for the production of heat, provided that the substrate is not cooled too much by rain or frost. The species is, besides by its colour, readily distinguished from the common B. titubans (incl. B. vitellinus) by the totally free and much more crowded gills.

Is Squamanita odorata a parasite? - Jan Vesterholt - Svampe 24: 11. Squamanita odorata is uncommon but widely distributed in Denmark. It is the experience from 9 out of 10 recent Danish collections that it is accompanied by Hebeloma mesophaeum, and in section the basal bulb of the Squamanita has a distinct raphanoid smell and taste similar to that of the Hebeloma species. This may indicate a parasitic relationship.

Pycnoporellus fulgens, a new danish polypore - Morten & Beate Strandberg - Svampe 24: 15-17. First records of the genus Pycnoporellus are reported from Denmark & Norway. In Denmark P. fulgens was found in the Northern Zealand in august 1990, growing on a stump of Picea. An old (1884) collection of P. alboluteus from Norway found in the herbarium of the Botanical Museum of Copenhagen is reported on.

Cortinarius ssp. Phlegmacium used as indicator species of exquisite deciduous woodlands - Jan Vesterholt - Svampe 24: 27-48. Based on studies from eastern Jutland, Denmark, the ecological demands of 32 species of Cortinarius subgenus Phlegmacium from deciduous forests are elucidated. Their presence in the area is generally restricted to localities with limestone and where an underlying rich, clayey soil has been exposed for some decades, typically along ditches or banks or after landslides along the coast line. At localities where the wind has influenced the surface for a long period, the soil is generally hard with a different mycoflora, often dominated by species of Russula.
With few exceptions the species of Phlegmacium in the area seem to have more or less identical ecological demands. Therefore, many of them are found growing together, and the rarer species exclusively occur at localities with a large total number of species. Rich occurrences of Phlegmacium species are without exception accompanied by a high number of other rare and often less investigated mycorrhizal species of for example Inocybe and Cortinarius subgenus Telamonia. Their ecological demands are apparently similar to those of the Phlegmacium species.
Phlegmacium species are ratherconspicuous and therefore easy to detect. Therefore, they may be useful as indicators for valuable localities worthy of protection.
Seven species are reported as new to the Danish flora, viz.: C. arcuatorum, C. boudieri, C. claroflavus, C. flavovirens, C. osmophorus, C. rickenianus & C. rufoolivaceus. Earlier reports on C. sebaceus are here rejected as being based on atypical specimens of C. olidus.

Hebeloma crustuliniforme and its look-alikes - Jan Vesterholt - Svampe 25: 15-22. Hebeloma crustuliniforme is a common species in Denmark, but it is often confused with the equally common species, H. leucosarx and H. fragilipes.
In the absence of type material, the interpretation of H. crustuliniforme must be based upon Buillard's plate and its accompanying description which mentions that the species is very common and possesses a disagreeable taste and smell. The exact identity of the depicted species may be difficult to establish. However, the current interpretation is not in serious disagreement with the protologue, although the colour of the pileus is fairly intense and there is no mention or illustration of droplets. Possibly Buillard has considered these droplets as being irrelevant from a taxonomical point of view.
H. leucosarx (H. longicaudum sensu Lange) is distinguished microscopically from the other two species treated here by the distinct dextrinoid reaction of the freely flowing spores in preparation. H. fragilipes is distinguished from H. crustuliniforme by the narrower cheilocystidia with a thickening of the wall in the median region - at least in some of the cystidia.
H. crustuliniforme is macroscopically separated from the other two by the rather coarse flocci on the stipe, which partly form transversal belts. Furthermore, the lamellae remain white for a long time and they produce fairly conspicuous droplets. In contrast, the lamellae of the other two species are soon becoming pale brown, and the droplets are distinctly smaller. In addition the stipe is generally solid, whereas it is frequently fistulose with a pendant sting in the other two taxa.
H. leucosarx may appear rather similar to H. fragilipes in the field, but the former generally has a swollen stipe base. In case of doubt, the microscopical examination will easily separate these two species.
The synonymy of H. fragilipes with H. helodes suggested by Gröger (1991) is questioned. H. helodes is here considered to be a more slender species confined to Salix, and which is recognized by the more or less capitate cystidia, which may be thickwalled at the apex but hardly in their median portion. Furthermore, H. helodes has slightly paler and smaller spores (in general less than 11 µm long) than H. fragilipes.

Two species of Hydnellum from Danish deciduous woods - Morten Christensen - Svampe 25: 40-42. Description of the morphology and ecology of Danish material of two rare species of Hydnellum. H. auratile was found under Fagus on calcareous soil. H. spongiosipes was found under Fagus with Vaccinium myrtillus (Silkeborg) and under Quercus on clayey soil (Langesø).

Leucocoprinus sect. Anomali in Denmark - Jacob Heilmann-Clausen - Svampe 26: 17-21. On the basis of recent findings, the reddening species of Leucocoprinus sect. Anomali ss. Moser known to Denmark are treated in detail - with regard to other European species. L. croceovelutinus is recorded as new to Denmark - the species was found in a scrub of Malus, Crataegus, and Sambuchus on rich, sandy soil. L. badhamii - well known bu very rare in Denmark - was found in a mixed forest of Fraxinus, Ulmus, and Acer on heavy black soil. A third species - L. meleagris (=L. bresadolae?) - was found in Denmark in 1903, but is generally overlooked in modern danish literature. Further, the taxonomy of the section is general is discussed, and it is concluded that the limits towards other genera - especially Lepiota, Leucoagaricus, and Macrolepiota is hardly definable.

Notes on rare fungi collected in Denmark: Geastrum floriforme found in Denmark - Christian Lange - Svampe 26: 22. New records of Amanita strobiliformis and A. solitaria - Jens H. Petersen - 26: 22-24. Irpex lacteus refound - Aksel Jørgensen - 26: 24. Geastrum floriforme is reported as new to Denmark, Irpex lacteus is found for the first time in Denmark since 1965, and data is given on the danish findings of Amanita strobiliformis and Amanita solitaria.

1991 - a fine year for Lepiota's - Erik Rald, Jacob Heilmann-Clausen & Christian Lange - Svampe 26: 33-39. In the fall of 1991 a high number of species of Lepiota s.l. were found in various parts of Denmark. The authors list their findings of rare species; 12 species are illustrated in colour. Lepiota xanthophylla Orton and Leucucoprinus croceovelutinus Bon & Boiff. are recorded as new to Denmark, and Echinoderma boertmanii (Knudsen) Bon is reported for the second time from the type locality.

The structure and decay of wood - Jørgen Bech-Andersen & Steen A. Elborne - Svampe 26: 41-48. Fungi play a significant role in nature's cycle (line-drawing 1), especially regarding the break-down of wood. Brown rot fungi are able to release approx. 70% of the energy bound in wood (3000 kcal per kg wood), whereas combustion in an oven releases 4000 kcal.
Wood is a relatively resistant material to decay, both htrough its structure and its chemical composition (linedrawing 2). The main part of the wood of a conifer is built up of cylindrical cells with tapering ends, called tracheids, that are connected with ring-pores. The wall of the tracheid consist of several layers. The main building materials of the wall are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which are long chains of sugars and for the latter also cyclic phenol compounds. Lignin is more resistant to decay than hemicellulose and cellulose.
Fungi on wood may be divided into four categories:
1. Brown-rot fungi thate break down only cellulose and hemicellulose, and leave a ligninhumus. The dacayed wood is brown and divided into cubes, with both longitudinal and cross-cracks. Examples: Serpula, Coniophora and Antrodia.
2. White-rot fungi that break down both cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The dacyed wood is white and fibrous. Examples: Corticiaceae, Trametes and Inonotus.
3. Brown/white-rot fungi possess a combination of the two types mentioned above. Example: some species of Tyromyces.
4. Soft-rot fungi that break down the cellulose of the S-2-layer in the tracheid wall in a characteristic manner (fig. 8). The decayed wood becomes grey with a soft consistency. Examples: Fungi Imperfecti and Pyrenomycetes.
Oxalic acid has been shown to play a significant role in the primary break down process of wood. It is able to hydrolyze the hemicellulose that envelope the cellulose and thus uncover the cellulose to further break down by cellulolytic enzymes. The endproducts are watersoluble sugars. Oxalic acid is a low molecular substance that can penetrate the cell wall. With calcium it forms an insoluble salt, calcium oxalate. This property enables the fungus to regulate pH, so that the substrate will not become too acid. Oxalic acid may also chelate with different metals, a further option for pH regulation. Large quantities of calcium-oxalate is therefore found in connection with brown rot and in the litter layer.

Verpa bohemica - "new" to Denmark - Henry Dissing - Svampe 26: 49-51. Verpa bohemica was found on Vestvolden W of Copenhagen in hundreds in March-April 1991 and again in quantities in early 1992. Apparently it has been mistaken for Morchella semilibera for several years. It has never before been reported from Denmark.

The genera Bankera and Phellodon - ecology and distribution in Denmark - Morten Christensen - Svampe 27: 1-11. Herbarium material of terrestrial hydnaceous fungi has been studied. Data are given on the ecology and distribution in Denmark of species belonging to the genera Bankera and Phellodon.
Bankera fuligineoalba and Phellodon tomentosus grow on poor sandy soil under Pinus mugo. Bankera violascens and Phellodon niger grow on rich or calcareous soil under Abies alba and Picea abies. Phellodon melaleucus is mainly found under conifers (Abies, Picea, Pinus), but one collection is from a deciduous forest. There are only two Danish records of Phellodon confluens, one of these from a sandy pine forest, the other without ecological data. With the exception of P. melaleucus, all of the treated species are rare in Denmark. They do not show the same unequivocal decline as reported from the Netherlands and Germany, but Phellodon niger and Bankera violascens are probably in decline.

Notes on rare fungi collected in Denmark: A winter collection of Helvella solitaria - Aksel Jørgensen - Svampe 27: 13. A new host tree of Laetiporus sulphureus - Erik Rald - 27: 13. Cotylidia undulata refound in Denmark - Jan Vesterholt - 27: 13. Ganoderma resinaceum in Lerbjerg - Aksel Jørgensen - 27: 13-15. Suillus tridentinus new to Denmark - Jan Vesterholt - 27: 15. Melanotus horizontalis in Denmark - Jan Vesterholt - 27: 15. Melanotus proteus found in Denmark - Jan Vesterholt - 27: 15-16. Lactarius quieticolor - Jan Vesterholt - 27: 16. Suillus tridentinus and Melanotus proteus are reported as new to Denmark; data are given on the first Danish record of Melanotus horizontalis; Cotylidia undulata believed to be extinct has been refound after 29 years; Lactarius quieticolor is reported to be rather common but earlier confused with related taxa; Laetiporus sulphureus is reported from Metasequoia glyptostroboides; Helvella solitaria is reported from January (fruitbodies not fertile); the endangered species Ganoderma resinaceum is till present in one of its few Danish localities.

The true dry rot fungus (Serpula lacrymans) found in nature in the forests of Himalaya - Jørgen Bech-Andersen, Steen A. Elborne, Frederick Goldie, Jagjit Singh, Sujan Singh & Brian Walker - Svampe 27: 17-28. The True Dry Rot Fungus, Serpula lacrymans (Wulf.: Fr.) Schroet. is a common and very destructive fungus, which in Northern Europe, USA, Japan and Australia is found exclusively in buildings, where it does great damage.
From 1929 to 1950 the mycologist K. Bagchee found fruitbodies of the Tru Dry Rot Fungus 13 times in nature at an altitude of 2500-3500 m above sea level, in the area from Shimla to the Rhotang Pass in Himalaya. Since then only two finds have been rapported both in 1972.
In 1992 the true Dry Rot Fungus was rediscovered at an altitude of approximately 3000 m above sea level in the forests around Narkanda. Soil samples from the area have been analysed for mineral content, pH and moisture content, likewise accessible NPK has been measured. Information about temperature and precipitation of the area has also been procured.
Keywords: Serpula lacrymans in nature, Himalaya, calcium, iron, oxalic acid.

Interesting collections of Cortinarius ssp. Phlegmacium - Jan Vesterholt - Svampe 27: 41-47. Cortinarius odoratus (Joguet ex Moser) Moser & C. terpsichores are reported as new to Denmark and data are given on recent collections of C. arcuatorum, C. argutus, C. balteatus, C. flavovirens, C. rickenianus and C. rufoolivaceus.

Extincts fungi are not always extinct - Jan Vesterholt - Svampe 27: 48-49. 56 species not recorded since 1970 were listed as extinct in the Danish red list of macrofungi (Knudsen & Vesterholt 1990). It is suggested that 12 of these change their status. 9 of them are rare fungi which have been found again recently, viz. Geoglossum difforme, Lindtneria trachyspora, Xylobolus frustulatus, Sarcodon glaucopus, Cortinarius buillardii, Cotylidia undulata, Irpex lacteus, Lepiota lilacea and Leucocoprinus brebissonii. The first five species are considered "endangered", the last four "rare". Cordyceps myrmecophila has not been found since 1942, but due to its size it is easily overlooked and should therefore be considered "rare" as it is the case with other inconspicuous fungi in the Danish red list. Due to several recent records Psilocybe luteonitens should be removed from the list. This is also the case with Gymnopilus sapineus for which the synonymy with G. penetrans is accepted.

Agaricus sect. xanthodermatei - Jens H. Petersen & Christian Lange - Svampe 28: 11-22. The Danish species of Agaricus sect. Xanthodermatei are discussed. New findings of A, phaeolepidotus (F. Møller) F. Møller from the island Anholt are reported, and a case of poisoning after consumption of the species is described. The name A. meleagris (Schäff.) Imbach is discussed against A. placomyces Peck and A. praeclaresquamosus Freeman. Representative specimens of A. praeclaresquamosus (TENN 22192, TENN 40332, JHP-44.89, JHP-45.89 (the latter two at C)) and A. placomyces (TENN 14479, TENN 29325, TENN 40073) were examined, and the absence of cheilocystidia in the latter is confirmed. Consequently, the name A. praeclaresquamosus Freeman should be used for the classical European species. Danish material of A. praeclaresquamosus var. praeclaresquamosus and the dark A. praeclaresquamosus var. terricolor F. Møller (syn. A. moelleri Wasser) were examined. In the cap cuticle of the latter inflated hyphae (gloeopleurous hyphae) were found, as reported by Knudsen 1992. These were, however, not qualitatively different from the slightly thinner hyphae found in the cap cuticle of A. praeclaresquamosus var. praeclaresquamosus (they are probably just another expression of the darker cap-colour), and can hardly support the elevation of the taxon to the rank of species. A. xanthodermus is discussed against A. pilatianus Bohus. The reports of A. pilatianus from Denmark (Petersen & Vesterholt 1990, Knudsen 1992) are rejected, as they are based on a misdetermined collection of a Agaricus (coll.: E. Rald & D. Boertmann, Jægersborg Dyrehave 1978, material at C) with very narrow cheilocystidia and 5-8 x 4-5 µm large spores. According to the drawing and description of fresh material, it had a stature, ring-morphology and cap surface much like A. phaeolepidotus, and definitely not the unique folded, adpressed ring of A, pilatianus, as described by Bohus (1974) and Capelli (1984, 1985). The misinterpretation of A. pilatianus as a grey, stout A. xanthodermus-like species is probably due to the illustration of such specimens under the name A. pilatianus in Phillips (1981). Phillips photograph might well represent the grey A. xanthodermus var. griseus (Pearson) Bon et Capelli.

Amylostereum areolatum og A. chailletii - two peculiar wood-decomposers in Denmark - I.M. Thomsen & J. Koch - Svampe 28: 23-25. Fruitbodies of the fungus Amylostereum areolatum (Fr.) Boid. have recently been found in Denmark to supplement previous isolations of the fungus from the wood of living, wounded Norway spruce (Picea abies). The presence of arthrospores in cultures of the fungi was used to distinguish A. areolatum from the more common A. chailletii (Pers.: Fr.) Boid.

Caesium in fungi in Denmark - Morten Strandberg - Svampe 28: 30-37. Samples of fungi mainly collected in a Scotch pine plantation in Tisvilde Hegn, Denmark, were analysed for content of radiocaesium. The soil in Tisvilde Hegn is of a kind that allows transfer of radiocesium from soil to fungi. It was found that there was a great variation between species of the same genus. The variation within species level was usually smaller, but in some cases considerable. The highest levels were found in the genus Cortinarius and the related species Rozites caperatus. Levels of 137-Cs in these species varied between 2400 Bq/kg of dry weight and 20543 Bq/kg d.w. The lowest levels were found among saprophytic and parasitic species and in a few species of ectomycorrhiza forming fungi, especially in the Russulaceae and Boletaceae.
From the investigation the different groups of mushrooms can roughly be arranged according to their content of radiocesium in the fruitbody. This ranking gives the following result: Cortinarius and Rozites>Lactarius>Boletus badius and Cantharellus tubaeformis>Suillus and Russula>saprophytes, Leccinum, Boletus and Chanterelle.
Not all the species in the groups fit into this ranking, especially manog the Russulas there is some deviation.
The ability of the fungi to take up cesium from the soil was studied by comparison of ratios between the concentration of 137-Cs in the soil and in the fruitbody. This concentration Ratio (KF) varied between 0.1 and 188.5. Of the more commonly eaten mushrooms Boletus badius and Cantharellus tubaeformis had the highest levels of radiocesium with values between 1000 and 1500 Bq/kg of dry weight. These species have KF-values of 11.9 and 10.4 respectively. The levels of radioactivity in Danish fungi are so low that consumption of mushrooms can be regarded as safe without limitations.

New danish mycetozoa (myxomycetes) in Trichiales - Jørgen Albertsen & Henrik F. Gøtzsche - Svampe 28: 38-46. A revision of the myxomycete collection at the Botanical Museum, Copenhagen (C) as well as of the private herbaria of the authors revealed a number of species hitherto not reported from Denmark. In this first paper 12 members of the Trichiales new to Denmark have been described and six species also illustrated. Descriptions are based entirely on Danish material. Our intention is to report new records from other orders in future papers. From the revision it also became clear that collecting activities in Denmark have been very unevenly distributed. The map shows localities from which material has been studied by the authors.

The genus Lepiota - sections Lilaceae og Fuscovinaceae - Erik Rald & Jacob Heilmann-Clausen - Svampe 28: 47-54. Three species of Lepiota sect. Lilaceae and sect. Fuscovinaceae are accepted as Danish. Lepiota ochraceofulva is recently discovered in Denmark. Lepiota micropholis ss. Lange is regarded a synonym of L. lilacea.

Another Cordyceps new to Denmark - Thomas Læssøe - Svampe 28: 59-60. Cordyceps bifusispora O. Erikss. (syn. C. tuberculata ss. Dennis, C. dennisii Ulvinen, ined.) is reported for the first time from Denmark growing on Lepidoptera pupae in moist, tall herb, Alnus-Fraxinus forest. It is widespread in Europe but apparently rare.

A year with truffles - Christian Lange - Svampe 29: 1-5. In 1993 several rare trufþes were found in Denmark. The author reports on Þndings of Tuber aestivum, T. borchii, Genea hispidula, Arcangeliella asterosperma and Choiromyces meandriformis.

Squirrel-deposited fungi - Annelise & Birger Jensen - Svampe 29: 11-12. A number of observations on squirrel-deposited stores of mushrooms made by the authors during the years 1990-1992 in the Taastrup Plantation at Djursland (Denmark) are reported. A total of 75 stores made by the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris L.) were found. The majority of the specimens deposited represented the species Boletus badius (Fr.: Fr.) Fr. and were placed at the innermost part of the lower branches of Picea abies (L.) Karsten.

Hebeloma species with non-raphanoid smell - Jan Vesterholt - Svampe 29: 13-27. Hebeloma radicosum is traditionally placed in an isolated position in subgenus Myxocybe, due to its outstanding characters, viz. the membranous ring, the rooting stipe and the remarkable smell of marzipane, a smell which is very different from the more or less raphanoid smell known from a majority of Hebeloma species. The cheilocystidia of H. radicosum are little differentiated and primitive compared to the long clavate or ventricose cystidia found in many other species of the genus. Similar cystidia are found in a number of species, which also lack raphanoid smell, and which often are found to be more or less rooting as well. Therefore, these taxa are considered to be rather closely related to H. radicosum, including the species complexes around H. edurum, H. birrus and H. sacchariolens. A key to the 11 accepted species known from Denmark is given, and descriptions are provided. H. circinans and H. fusisporum are reported as new to Denmark.

Notes on rare fungi collected in Denmark. A yellow variety of Cantharellus tubaeformis; C. tubaeformis var. lutescens - Ejgil Tryel - Svampe 29: 31. Dentipellis fragilis in Jutland - Ella & Poul Erik Brandt - 29: 31-32. A new locality for Lyophyllum paelochroum - Bjørn Petersen - 29: 32. Entoloma ameides - a peculiar entoloma - Jacob Heilmann-Clausen - 29: 34. Amanita regalis found in Denmark - Jan Vesterholt - 29: 34-35. Psilocybe cyanescens - another wood-chip fungus new to Denmark - Betty Klug-Andersen - 29: 35. Lactarius porninsis in Gribskov - Erik Rald - 29: 38.
Amanita regalis and Psilocybe cyanescens are reported as new to Denmark. Cantharellus tubaeformis var. lutescens, Dentipellis fragilis, Lyophyllum paelochroum, Entoloma ameides and Lactarius porninsis are reported from new localities.

Leucoagaricus melanotrichus - Christian Lange - Svampe 29: 39-41. The author reports Leucoagaricus melanotrichus (Malençon & Bertault) Trimbach as new to Denmark. It was found in a coastal thicket, growing with several other rare species of Lepiota s.l. The relation of this species to the other danish species of Leucoagaricus is not obvious, but has to be accepted for the moment. To the author, a relation with Sericeomyces sericifera (Locq.) Døssing seems more obvious due to the macro- and microscopic similarities.

Three fungicolous species of Hypocrea - Danish hypocrealean fungi 2 - Thomas Læssøe - Svampe 30: 6-10. The distribution and host range within Denmark are discussed for the widespread and common Hypocrea pulvinata and the until recently unrecorded Hypocrea pallida. The latter, although less frequent, appears to be widespread on its host, species of Tyromyces s.l. Hypocrea pulvinata occurs mainly on Piptoporus in Denmark but is also rather frequent on Fomitopsis pinicola. Hypocrea corticiicola is only represented by one collection determined by A. Munk but the record was never published. The material has solitary perithecia immersed in the hymenium of Hyphodontia sambuci and the asci has 16 spores in a biseriate arrangement making its placement in Hypocrea dubious. No other European records have been traced. It matches the original description well but authentic material has not been studied.

Notes on rare fungi collected in Denmark. Caloscypha fulgens - The fungus of the year 1994? - Erik Rald - Svampe 30: 19. Pithya cupressina - rare or overlooked? - Betty Klug-Andersen - 30: 19-21. Ophiostoma polyporicola on polypores - Thomas Læssøe - 30: 21. Plicaturopsis crispa - a surprise - Aage Pedersen - 30: 22. A presentation of Collybia racemosa - Jens H. Petersen - 30: 23. Psilocybe fimetaria - Erik Rald - 30: 23-25. Inocybe melanopus in Tisvilde Hegn - Erik Rald &Morten Strandberg - 30: 25-26. Caloscypha fulgens was found to be unusually common in Zealand in the spring of 1994.
Pithya cupressina is demonstrated to be rather common on cultivated Juniperus chinensis and J. horisontalis in an area north of Copenhagen.
Ophiostoma polyporicola is reported from Denmark. The host could not be determined but possibly represent a species of Tyromyces s.l.
Two recent findings of Plicaturopsis crispa are made. The species was not observed in Denmark since 1965 and was therefore considered extinct in the danish red list of macrofungi. Collybia racemosa is reported from a new site in Jutland, Denmark and from Saltdal, Norway. It has been assumed that Collybia racemosa should have the same ecology as C. cookei and C. tuberosa, viz. decaying fungi. The Danish specimens were found growing in mosses on clay, whereas the Norwegian specimens were growing on rich soil in herbaceous vegetation. In neither case could any connection between the sclerotia and decaying fungi be detected, and it seems likely that Collybia racemosa is not in any way associated with dead fruitbodies of other fungi.
A description is given of first danish finding of Psilocybe fimetaria.
Inocybe melanopus is reported for the first time from Zealand. It is the second danish locality.It has been found in areas where also some rare species of Hydnellum, Phellodon, Sarcodon, Helvella, Geastrum, etc. occur.

Species of Lachnum on herbs - Jan Vesterholt & Jens H. Petersen (fotos) - Svampe 30: 30-47. The hyaloscyphaceous genera Albotricha, Cistella, Lachnum, Lasiobelonium, and Trichopeziza, all previously referred to Dasyscyphus, are represented by a large number of species in Denmark. A survey is given of species occuring on herbaceous substrates, including ferns, grasses, rushes, etc.
Albotricha washingtonensis, Lachnum albidoroceum, L. callimorphum, L. clavigerum, L. diminutum, L. gracilimum, L. imbecille, L. nudipes var. minor, L. sydowii, and Trichopeziza mollissima ss. Raitviir are reported as new to Denmark.

Fungal spores in faeces of roe deer - Morten Strandberg & Henning Knudsen - Svampe 30: 50-51. Samples of faeces of the roe deer were investigated for occurrence of fungal spores. It was found that faecal samples with high levels of radiocesium, also had high contents of fungal spores. This indicates that the roe deer eats such large quantities of fungi that the radiocesium level in the faeces is raised to levels higher than what can be obtained when the roe deer consumes other plant materials. Boletus badius, Xerocomus spp. and Hypholoma capnoides were among the most commonly eaten species. Other members of the Boletaceae were also found quite often. Elaphomyces sp. was found in one sample. Members of the Corticiaceae, Thelephoraceae and Pyrenomycetes are believed to have been eaten by mistake together with other feed.

7000 year old fungi - Christian Lange - Svampe 30: 52. The author was consulted by archaeologist Søren H. Andersen, Moesgård Prehistoric Museum, who had found some polypores at the excavation at Tybrind Vig, a prehistoric settlement from the Ertebølle-period, about 7000 years ago. The collected specimens consisted of a single basidiome of Daedalea quercina, the rest were all Fomes fomentarius. The polypores were found without any connection to their host trees and were extremely well preserved. It is quite obvious, that the basidiomes have been collected by man, but the purpose is unknown. The use as tinder would probably be the best explanation so far.

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